CONDITION 08
Tuberculosis (TB)
An infection, usually of the lungs, caused by bacteria and treatable with a full course of the right medicines.
Overview
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by bacteria that most often affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when a person with active lung TB coughs, sneezes or speaks. It is not spread by touching objects or sharing food. TB can usually be cured with a full course of the correct medicines, and some people carry the bacteria without feeling unwell (latent TB).
Symptoms
- A cough that lasts more than two to three weeks
- Fever and night sweats
- Unexplained weight loss and loss of appetite
- Tiredness and weakness
- Chest pain or coughing up blood, in some cases
Assessment
- Review of symptoms and any contact with someone who has TB
- Chest X-ray
- Sputum tests to look for the TB bacteria
- A CT scan or other samples where needed
- Blood or skin tests for latent TB, where appropriate
Treatment Options
- TB is treated with a combination of medicines taken for several months
- Completing the whole course is essential, even after you feel better
- Regular follow-up to check progress and side effects
- Resistant TB needs specialist assessment and a different treatment plan
- Covering the mouth when coughing and good ventilation help protect others
When to Seek Care
- A cough lasting more than two to three weeks
- Coughing up blood
- Fever with night sweats and weight loss
- Close contact with someone who has TB and new symptoms
- Side effects, or missed doses, during treatment
This page is for general education and does not replace advice from your own doctor. See the disclaimer .
Concerned about tuberculosis?
Request a visit and bring your questions. This form is not for emergencies.